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Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
Review Article
10. Assisted
reproductive techniques in farm animal - From
artificial insemination to nanobiotechnology -
O P Verma, R Kumar, A Kumar
and S Chand
Vet World. 2012; 5(5): 301-310
doi:
10.5455/vetworld.201 2.301-310
Abstract
It has become evident that advances in farm animal
reproduction have become increasingly dependent on
advance scientific research in addition to an
understanding of the physiological processes
involved in reproduction. The use of assisted
reproductive techniques (ART) has helped owners to
produce offspring from valuable farm animals that
were considered infertile using standard breeding
techniques. This chapter constitutes an update of
recent developments in the field of assisted
reproduction includes Artificial insemination,
Embryo transfer, in vitro fertilization, embryo
cryopreservation, Sexing of semen and embryos,
cloning, transgenesis, stem cell technology,
embryo genomics, micro and nanotechnology has been
included. Recently in some of these fields
remarkable progress has been made. None the less,
imperfections are remaining and sustained efforts
will be required to optimize existing and invent
new technologies. Before referring an animal for
an ART, the practitioner should be able to
identify the underlying cause of subfertility of
that animal. Knowing the complexity as well as the
risks of these techniques, enables practitioners
to refer a sub-fertile animal to the least complex
and most appropriate and successful ART that can
overcome specific causes of infertility.
Keywords: Reproductive Techniques, Artificial
Insemination, Nanobiotechnology, Embryo Transfer,
Cryopreservation, Cloning, Transgenesis, Stem Cell
Technology, Embryo Genomics.
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